自定义dynamic mapping策略

自定义dynamic mapping策略

1、定制dynamic策略

true：遇到陌生字段，就进行dynamic mapping
false：遇到陌生字段，就忽略
strict：遇到陌生字段，就报错

PUT /my_index
{
“mappings”: {
​ “my_type”: {
​ “dynamic”: “strict”, // 设置属性
​ “properties”: {
​ “title”: {
​ “type”: “text”
​ },
​ “address”: {
​ “type”: “object”,
​ “dynamic”: “true”
​ }
​ }
​ }
}
}

设置和类型不同的field 时

PUT /my_index/my_type/1
{
“title”: “my article”,
“content”: “this is my article”,
“address”: {
​ “province”: “guangdong”,
​ “city”: “guangzhou”
}
}

会报以下错误:

{
“error”: {
​ “root_cause”: [
​ {
​ “type”: “strict_dynamic_mapping_exception”,
​ “reason”: “mapping set to strict, dynamic introduction of [content] within [my_type] is not allowed”
​ }
​ ],
​ “type”: “strict_dynamic_mapping_exception”,
​ “reason”: “mapping set to strict, dynamic introduction of [content] within [my_type] is not allowed”
},
“status”: 400
}

增减一条数据:

PUT /my_index/my_type/1
{
“title”: “my article”,
“address”: {
​ “province”: “guangdong”,
​ “city”: “guangzhou”
}
}

查看这个

GET /my_index/_mapping/my_type

{
“my_index”: {
​ “mappings”: {
​ “my_type”: {
​ “dynamic”: “strict”,
​ “properties”: {
​ “address”: {
​ “dynamic”: “true”,
​ “properties”: {
​ “city”: {
​ “type”: “text”,
​ “fields”: {
​ “keyword”: {
​ “type”: “keyword”,
​ “ignore_above”: 256
​ }
​ }
​ },
​ “province”: {
​ “type”: “text”,
​ “fields”: {
​ “keyword”: {
​ “type”: “keyword”,
​ “ignore_above”: 256
​ }
​ }
​ }
​ }
​ },
​ “title”: {
​ “type”: “text”
​ }
​ }
​ }
​ }
}
}

2、定制dynamic mapping策略

（1）date_detection

默认会按照一定格式识别date，比如yyyy-MM-dd。但是如果某个field先过来一个2017-01-01的值，就会被自动dynamic mapping成date，后面如果再来一个”hello world”之类的值，就会报错。可以手动关闭某个type的date_detection，如果有需要，自己手动指定某个field为date类型。

PUT /my_index/_mapping/my_type
{
​ “date_detection”: false
}

（2）定制自己的dynamic mapping template（type level）

PUT /my_index
{
​ “mappings”: {
​ “my_type”: {
​ “dynamic_templates”: [
​ { “en”: {
​ “match”: “*_en”,
​ “match_mapping_type”: “string”,
​ “mapping”: {
​ “type”: “string”,
​ “analyzer”: “english”
​ }
​ }}
​ ]
}}}

PUT /my_index/my_type/1
{
“title”: “this is my first article”
}

PUT /my_index/my_type/2
{
“title_en”: “this is my first article”
}

title没有匹配到任何的dynamic模板，默认就是standard分词器，不会过滤停用词，is会进入倒排索引，用is来搜索是可以搜索到的
title_en匹配到了dynamic模板，就是english分词器，会过滤停用词，is这种停用词就会被过滤掉，用is来搜索就搜索不到了

（3）定制自己的default mapping template（index level）

PUT /my_index
{
​ “mappings”: {
​ “default“: {
​ “_all”: { “enabled”: false }
​ },
​ “blog”: {
​ “_all”: { “enabled”: true }
​ }
​ }
}